Eye Diseases & Conditions
Concise clinical summaries including signs, differential diagnosis, management, and referral thresholds — grouped by anatomical region for quick access.
Cornea Conditions
Keratitis, keratoconus, ulcers, dystrophies, and ocular surface disease.
Open categoryIris Conditions
Uveitis, aniridia, melanoma, hyphema, pigment dispersion, and angle disorders.
Open categoryRetina Conditions
AMD, diabetic retinopathy, occlusions, detachment, and inherited disorders.
Open categoryEyelids Conditions
Blepharitis, trichiasis, ptosis, lid lesions, and eyelid malignancies.
Open categoryConjunctival Conditions
Conjunctivitis, allergic disease, pterygium, episcleritis, and ocular surface neoplasia.
Open categoryAcanthamoeba Keratitis
Severe protozoal infection, often contact lens-related with ring infiltrate.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Leading cause of central vision loss in older adults — dry and wet forms.
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Bilateral itch and chemosis from IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation; managed with antihistamines.
Aniridia
Congenital near-total iris absence from PAX6 mutation; associated with glaucoma, foveal hypoplasia, and WAGR syndrome.
Anterior Uveitis (Iritis)
Anterior chamber cells and flare with ciliary flush; most common uveitis type — urgent slit-lamp diagnosis required.
Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis
Chronic bilateral disease in adults with atopic dermatitis; risk of fornix scarring and corneal neovascularisation.
Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome
Anterior segment dysgenesis with posterior embryotoxon and iris strands; ~50% develop glaucoma.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Mucopurulent discharge with diffuse injection; usually self-limiting, topical antibiotics shorten duration.
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Most common eyelid malignancy, locally invasive with pearly borders.
Blepharitis
Chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins, often staphylococcal or meibomian-related.
Blepharospasm
Involuntary bilateral orbicularis oculi spasm causing functional blindness; idiopathic or dystonia-related.
Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion
Sudden sectoral vision loss from arterial embolus or thrombosis.
Found an error or want to add a condition?
Help us expand and improve our clinical database for the optometry community.
Submit it here